Features of Object Oriented Paradigm

1. Inheritance
2. Encapsulation
3. Abstraction
4. Polymorphism
5. Method Overriding
6. Method Overloading
7. Objects
8. Classes
9. Constructors and Destructors

Inheritance

Inheritance is a feature to reuse the existing class without makin any changes in it.

Syntax: InheritingClass : InheritedClass

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Papa {
public :
   int a = 10;
};

class Beta : public Papa {
public :
    int b = 20;
};

int main() {
   Beta obj;
   cout << obj.a + obj.b<< endl;
}

In above program, Beta class inherited Papa class.

2. Encapsulation

Encapsulation is defined as binding together the data and the functions that manipulates them.

class Encapsulation {
  private:
    int a;

  public:
    void show() {
      cout<<a;
    }
};

In above program,

class Encapsulation binds together variable a and function show().

3. Abstraction

Abstraction refers to providing only essential information to the outside world and hiding their background details.

For example,

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
   cout << "Abstraction";
   return 0;
}

In above program,

User dont need to understand how cout works. User should know only how to use it.