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Basic elements of Prolog

Some of the basic elements of Prolog are:

  1. Term
  2. Fact statements
  3. Rule statements

1. Term:  A Prolog term is a constant, a variable, or a structure.
A constant is either an atom or an integer.
Atoms are the symbolic values of Prolog and are similar to their counterparts in LISP. In particular, an atom is either a string of letters, digits, and underscores that begins with a lowercase letter or a string of any printable ASCII characters delimited by apostrophes.
2. Fact statements: A fact statement is simply a proposition that is assumed to be true.
For example:  

  • female(khushi). , it states Khushi is a female.
  • mother(varsha, khushi). , it states Varsha is Mother of Khushi.

3. Rule Statements: Rule statements state rules of implication between propositions.For example: ancestor(varsha, khushi) :- mother(varsha, khushi)., it states that if Varsh is the mother of Khushi, then Varsha is an ancestor of  Khushi.